Factors influencing police-induced confessions--including intellectual disability. Complete paper can be downloaded by following link here.
Police-Induced Confessions: Risk Factors and Recommendations
Saul M. Kassin
John Jay College of Criminal Justice
Steven A. Drizin
Northwestern University - School of Law, Bluhm Legal Clinic
Thomas Grisso
University of Massachusetts at Worcester - University of Massachusetts Medical School
Gisli H. Gudjonsson
University of London - King's College London
Richard A. Leo
University of San Francisco - School of Law
Allison D. Redlich
affiliation not provided to SSRN
Law and Human Behavior, 2009
Abstract:
Recent DNA exonerations have shed light on the problem that people sometimes confess to crimes they did not commit. Drawing on police practices, laws concerning the admissibility of confession evidence, core principles of psychology, and forensic studies involving multiple methodologies, this White Paper summarizes what is known about police-induced confessions. In this review, we identify suspect characteristics (e.g., adolescence; intellectual disability; mental illness; and certain personality traits), interrogation tactics (e.g., excessive interrogation time; presentations of false evidence; and minimization), and the phenomenology of innocence (e.g., the tendency to waive Miranda rights) that influence confessions as well as their effects on judges and juries. This article concludes with a strong recommendation for the mandatory electronic recording of interrogations and considers other possibilities for the reform of interrogation practices and the protection of vulnerable suspect populations.
Keywords: police interviews, interrogations, false confessions
Accepted Paper Series
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